Metalworkers and metallurgists have long appreciated the ability to tailor the performance characteristics of steel (an alloy of iron and carbon), including their strength, hardness, ductility and ...

Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy. Although pure iron is not intrinsically strong, adding carbon imparts great strength to this material. Crude iron, which is used in steel production, has a high ...

Steel remains the backbone of modern infrastructure, from skyscrapers to cars, but pushing its mechanical limits has long meant choosing between strength and ductility. Advanced high-strength steels ...

As a result of these favorable properties, essential components like landing gears, engine mounts, bolts, and fuselage components have been commonly manufactured using steel. In response to the ...